全文获取类型
收费全文 | 892篇 |
免费 | 78篇 |
国内免费 | 111篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 18篇 |
2022年 | 17篇 |
2021年 | 21篇 |
2020年 | 37篇 |
2019年 | 45篇 |
2018年 | 34篇 |
2017年 | 31篇 |
2016年 | 49篇 |
2015年 | 35篇 |
2014年 | 40篇 |
2013年 | 82篇 |
2012年 | 26篇 |
2011年 | 63篇 |
2010年 | 53篇 |
2009年 | 56篇 |
2008年 | 53篇 |
2007年 | 61篇 |
2006年 | 46篇 |
2005年 | 38篇 |
2004年 | 41篇 |
2003年 | 36篇 |
2002年 | 39篇 |
2001年 | 25篇 |
2000年 | 14篇 |
1999年 | 17篇 |
1998年 | 15篇 |
1997年 | 10篇 |
1996年 | 14篇 |
1995年 | 6篇 |
1994年 | 1篇 |
1993年 | 4篇 |
1992年 | 7篇 |
1991年 | 8篇 |
1990年 | 3篇 |
1989年 | 10篇 |
1988年 | 6篇 |
1987年 | 5篇 |
1986年 | 4篇 |
1985年 | 2篇 |
1984年 | 3篇 |
1983年 | 1篇 |
1982年 | 2篇 |
1979年 | 1篇 |
1976年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有1081条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
81.
基于FMT-AHP的海南农垦花岗岩类多雨区橡胶园地力评价 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
海南农垦是中国最大的天然橡胶生产基地,自第二次全国土壤普查以来橡胶园养分状况已发生了很大变化,但具体情况如何尚不清楚。运用耕地地力评价方法对海南农垦主要橡胶园的地力进行了系统评价,以期为橡胶园地力提升和天然橡胶的可持续发展提供理论支持。以土壤母质类型和降雨量为依据,首次将海南农垦橡胶园划分为8个类型区,并选取占海南农垦橡胶园总面积56.97%的花岗岩类多雨区作为评价区域,采集7204个0—20 cm层的土壤样品,运用特尔菲法、模糊数学理论和层次分析法确定11个评价指标及其权重,将评价区橡胶园地力划分为5等。研究结果发现:评价区以中间地力水平的二等、三等、四等橡胶园为主,占评价区橡胶园总面积的85.85%,它们广泛分布于琼中、屯昌、澄迈、儋州、万宁、保亭、乐东、三亚、陵水、定安、琼海、五指山、昌江、文昌和东方15个县市;一等地面积很小且分散,五等地相对集中面积也很小。相关分析表明土壤pH、有机质、有效磷和速效钾含量是影响评价区橡胶园地力水平的重要因素。评价区橡胶园土壤pH适宜橡胶树正常生长,但该区域土壤有机质和有效磷含量不能满足橡胶树正常生长的需要,而该区域一、二等地土壤速效钾含量能满足橡胶树正常生长,其三、四等地土壤速效钾含量仅达到橡胶树正常生长所需水平,随着地力下降到五等其土壤速效钾含量已不适宜橡胶树正常生长。根据上述研究结果,笔者建议橡胶园应大力间作绿肥,在增施有机质的基础上补氮、补钾、施用钙镁磷肥,同时加强养分管理,提高肥料利用率。 相似文献
82.
Diploid and triploid brown trout Salmo trutta were acclimated for 6 weeks on two feeding regimes (floating and sinking). Thereafter, aggression and surface feeding response were compared between pairs of all diploid, all triploid and diploid and triploid S. trutta in an experimental stream. In each pair‐wise matching, fish of similar size were placed in allopatry and rank was determined by the total number of aggressive interactions recorded. Dominant individuals initiated more aggression than subordinates, spent more time defending a territory and positioned themselves closer to the surface food source (Gammarus pulex), whereas subordinates occupied the peripheries. In cross ploidy trials, diploid S. trutta were more aggressive than triploid, and dominated their sibling when placed in pair‐wise matchings. Surface feeding, however, did not differ statistically between ploidy irrespective of feeding regime. Triploids adopted a sneak feeding strategy while diploids expended more time defending a territory. In addition, we also tested whether triploids exhibit a similar social dominance to diploids when placed in allopatry. Although aggression was lower in triploid pairs than in the diploid and triploid pairs, a dominance hierarchy was also observed between individuals of the same ploidy. Dominant triploid fish were more aggressive and consumed more feed items than subordinate individuals. Subordinate fish displayed a darker colour index than dominant fish suggesting increased stress levels. Dominant triploid fish, however, appeared to be more tolerant of subordinate individuals and did not display the same degree of invasive aggression as seen in the diploid and diploid or diploid and triploid matchings. These novel findings suggest that sterile triploid S. trutta feed similarly but are less aggressive than diploid trout. Future studies should determine the habitat choice of triploid S. trutta after release and the interaction between wild fish and triploids during the breeding season prior to utilization of triploids as an alternative management strategy within freshwater fisheries. 相似文献
83.
Analysis of field established xenogeneic interactions among five Porites species from Sesoko Island, Okinawa, revealed a transitive type of hierarchy as: P. rus > P. cylindrica > P. lobata > P. australiensis> P. lutea. Out of the 111 interspecific encounters studied, in only 5.4% reciprocal interactions were recorded, and in a single case, the opposite directionality of hierarchy was documented. Allogeneic encounters were also observed. A single major effector mechanism, an overgrowth (together with secondary outcomes such as the formation of small points of rejection, bleaching and pink color formation along a narrow peripheral belt of contacting tissues), was the only response in all 10 xenogeneic and 5 allogeneic combinations. In some massive colonies, a long contacting line of up to 50 cm was established. No sign for allelopathy, stand-off or rejection from a distance (i.e., by sweeper tentacles, sweeper polyps) was observed. Results are discussed with the accumulated data on Porites species from different reefs, worldwide, confirming that this genus is commonly lower in the hierarchy of xenogeneic interactions. 相似文献
84.
85.
86.
An accumulated body of theory and empirical evidence suggests that habitat selection by animals is a scale‐dependent, hierarchical process. Hierarchy theory predicts that habitat suitability is influenced by the interaction of factors at multiple spatial scales from the microsite to the landscape and that higher‐order factors impose constraints at lower levels. For instance, large‐scale factors such as landscape context may make a site unsuitable for a species even if the vegetation structure and composition are appropriate. In addition, the spatial arrangement of habitat elements at all scales must be considered when planning restoration efforts. For example, the presence of snags does not ensure that the site will be suitable for snag‐dependent species. The size, age, and spacing of snags and their juxtaposition to other habitat elements must also be considered. Finally, all habitats are dynamic, and therefore the ecological processes that contribute to those dynamics must be maintained or suitable substitutes included in the recovery plan. When considering restoring habitat for wildlife, we recommend that managers: (1) identify the wildlife species they want to target for restoration efforts, (2) consider the size and landscape context of the restoration site and whether it is appropriate for the target species, (3) identify the habitat elements that are necessary for the target species, (4) develop a strategy for restoring those elements and the ecological processes that maintain them, and (5) implement a long‐term monitoring program to gauge the success of the restoration efforts. 相似文献
87.
88.
Jonah Spiegelman 《Journal of Industrial Ecology》2003,7(1):17-23
Industrial ecology is a school of thought based, in part, upon a simple analogy between industrial systems and ecological systems in terms of their material and energy flows. This article argues for a more sophisticated connection between these diverse systems based on the fact that they are all complex self-organizing systems, operating far from thermodynamic equilibrium. As such, industrial and ecological systems have in common certain constraints and dynamic properties that move beyond the central metaphor of industrial ecology and could align these systems under a more comprehensive analytical framework. If incorporated at a fundamental level, the complex systems framework could add depth and sophistication to the field of industrial ecology. 相似文献
89.
水库鲢鳙鱼生长状况的评价预测 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
一.引言一般生物受许多环境因素的约束和作用。我们根据有关生物学理论、专家意见和调查材料,结合河北省抚宁县洋河水库现状材料和拟议中筹建的河北省青龙县桃林口水库建库后水质、生态环境的预测,应用层次分析法和综合评定法,对上述两水库的鲢、鳊鱼生长状况.进行评价和预测。 相似文献
90.
A. K. Vidybida 《European biophysics journal : EBJ》1989,16(6):357-361
A theoretical model is proposed to describe the influence of a periodic electric field (PEF) upon a biopolymer. The biopolymer is treated as a classical mechanical system consisting of subsystems (molecular groups) which interact with each other through potential forces. The PEF is treated as a periodic driving force applied to a molecular group. The energy dissipation is considered using the model of fluid (viscous) friction. Arguments for the non-linear character of the friction-velocity dependence caused by the non-Newtonian rheology of a viscous medium are formulated.A forced molecular-group motion is investigated for the situation of a small driving-force period, with oscillations overdamped and a driving force consisting of more than one harmonic. As a result, it is established that the motion always gets to a terminal stage when only a small-scale vibration about some point, X
*, takes place. The terminal motion is preceded by a transient characterized by the presence of a directional velocity component and so by a drift along a potential profile. the drift goes on until a barrier is met which has a sufficiently large steepness (the barrier height is not important). As a result, the point X
* may happen to be remote from the conformation potential local minimum (conformational state). The physical reasons for the drift are described.If we consider the small-scale vibration about X
* in the framework of the hierarchy of scales for intramolecular mobility, it can be regarded as an equilibrium mobility, whereas the drift can be regarded as a functionally important motion, and X
* as a new conformational state which is realizable only in the presence of the PEF. It may be concluded, as the result of a consistent treatment and neglecting the small-scale vibration, that the conformational potential is modified by adding a linear term (in the one-dimensional case). In this connection, the set of conformational states can both deform (deviation of the positions of minima and their relative depth) and rearrange qualitatively (some minima can vanish and/or new minima can appear). In particular, the transition from one conformation to another one may happen due to rearrangement. 相似文献